The question "What does back pain mean?"It may seem stupid.Everyone can try it.He dried up, he raised a heavy object, it was for a long time in a forced pose, an awkward bed, here there are a list of ordinary reasons to overload his back and pain.The decision pray itself.Drink an anesthetic and wait for a quick recovery.
This does not always help.Pain can be established firmly on the back and become the worst enemy for weeks, months, years.Even then, some patients may not see a doctor, but continue to take pills.
Pain is the sign of our body through the nervous system that there is a problem and should be solved.The situation is much worse when the disease progresses and nothing hurts.This occurs with oncological diseases when pain occurs in the last stages of the disease.
Types of pain
Nonspecific: take more than 85% of the doctor's visit.Associated with muscle overload, ligaments, tendons, small joints of the spine.
Koreshka: caused by the compression of the nerve root of a hernia.Up to 10% of cases.
Specific - caused by a certain disease.This includes a column fracture, tuberculosis, purulent process, neoplasm, narrowing of the spinal channel, abdominal cavity disease, a small pelvis and others.Up to 10% of cases.
Symptoms
Typical symptoms of non -specific pain:
- Appearance, exacerbation when moving (acute head rotation, pending, weightlifting);
- It arises after a long forced position (sedentary work on the computer, with professional drivers, static work for sellers);
- Limit mobility after sleep in an awkward position, on an unequal surface.
The reason for these symptoms in rape of the motor stereotype, when some muscles and joints are overloaded, while others, on the contrary, do not participate in the movements.
There is a "unprepared" movement.When the muscles do not stretch, the ligaments are not heated and are given a large load or a very large volume of movements.Therefore, office workers who do not participate in sports, after Timbild events with game activities, rope cities, competitions may not go to work the next day due to problems with the back.Another category is the gardeners of the pension age.All winter houses passed with a minimal physical activity and suddenly gave excess load in the spine.The result is one: pain, mobility limitation.
Spinal cord roots are characterized by:
- firing pain to foot fingers, brush;
- violation of reflexes;
- Sensitivity changes (numbness, greater skin sensitivity);
- decrease in muscle strength;
- Symptoms in muscle tension.
According to these symptoms: tongue pain, numbness of the little finger in the arm or pain of firing in the leg, it is often possible to determine quite accurately at what level in the spine there was a compression of the nerve without a magnetic resonance.
Specific pain may indicate a potentially dangerous and severe disease.Symptoms of threats:
- the beginning of persistent back pain up to 15 years and after 50 years;
- Nature of non -mourning pain (pain does not decrease alone, in a liar position, in certain poses);
- The pain connection with the injury;
- softness of pain;
- the presence of oncology before;
- Temperature pain, weight loss;
- prolonged stiffness in the morning;
- paralysis, pelvic disorders, severe sensitivity disorders;
- Changes in urine analysis, blood.
The cause of such violations can be serious diseases:
- rheumatic diseases;
- malignant tumors;
- infections (osteomyelitis, abscess, tuberculosis, locked herpes);
- vascular diseases (abdominal aorta aneurysm);
- blood diseases;
- osteoporosis;
- kidney diseases, cystitis;
- pancreatitis, duodenal ulcer;
- Espinal channel stenosis, vertebral fractures.
Therefore, it is better to consult a doctor to exclude dangerous causes.Especially if analgesics help weakly and there are dangerous symptoms.
Diagnosis
This is the most important treatment stage, since all additional actions depend on it.It seems that you can make an X line or a magnetic resonance, so everything will be clarified.But, there are difficulties here.A functional diagnosis doctor reaches a conclusion on the basis of what he sees in the image.But he doesn't examine the patient himself.Therefore, the results of the image are not equal to the diagnosis.
We will analyze the example.If you take completely healthy people, then almost half of them can be detected by intervertebral discs hernias.But this does not mean that they need treatment, in the exam or surgery deeply in the spine to eliminate defects.
Clinical recommendations for general medical practice of the National Institute to improve the health and social assistance standards of Great Britain in most cases with a non -specific pain syndrome of up to 1 year they recommend that neither X -Ray nor CT/MRI with a series of exceptions.
Isn't it a hernia cause pain?Only in 1 in 10 cases.In all other cases, the hernia of the disc and the back pain are not connected.
First, the history of pain development, the first episode, the circumstances (injuries, the load), which have appeared other symptoms, apparently unrelated to back pain have clarified.
During the inspection, the curves of the column are evaluated, limiting mobility, muscle tension is evaluated.Pain location, root compression signs ("gives" in the leg, rape of extremities sensitivity).
And only then, according to the indications, CT/MRI is carried out, a general and biochemical blood analysis is prescribed.
Therefore, the doctor must be diagnosed.You need to determine the type of pain, the necessary studies, exclude dangerous symptoms of specific pain and only then prescribe treatment.
Treatment
First aid. Even before taking pills, you can help yourself.It is necessary to download the column and give the opportunity to relax.To do this, we lie to us on a flat hard surface (floor, dining table, plywood sheet) on the back.Under your feet, you must place a large pillow, roller, stools, so that the angle between the body and the hips is 90 degrees on the knees.
Slowly we breathe and try to relax as much as possible with each exhalation.You can lie as much as necessary.The main thing is that the surface is not cold.The soft sofas, the beds are not adequate.
Drugs.Typically, treatment begins with non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which will help relieve pain and inflammation.These medications can be purchased without a recipe, but they cannot be taken uncontrollably.
Its intake can cause erosion, intestinal ulcers and stomach, bleeding.If there are already problems with the gastrointestinal tract, this increases the risk of complications.They can have a toxic effect on the liver.There is a risk to the cardiovascular system, the kidneys, with bronchial asthma.
Traditional NSAIDs have more side effects, especially in the digestive system.But they are quite affordable.
Selective NSAIDs have a much lower harmful effect on the digestive tract, but have a higher price.
At the same time, the choice of medication is better to entrust the doctor to correlate the risk and benefit in each case.Perhaps prescribed medications to protect the stomach.
Another drug group is muscle relaxants, help relieve muscle spasm.
Condroprotectors are also used.
Life. Back pain does not mean that you need to lie all the time.Bed rest, corsets and other devices that limit movements are not recommended.This will only cause weakening of the muscles that keep us in an upright position.
It is necessary to maintain a reasonable activity to maintain the tone, normalize blood circulation.Light steps, gymnastics, physiotherapy exercises are adequate.
You should also sleep in a hard orthopedic mattress.Take breaks at work to walk.Drink enough liquid.
Prevention
For prevention, it is necessary to strengthen the back to create a strong muscle corset.Physiological addresses such as swimming, Pilates and Yoga are adequate.
It is recommended to sleep on a rigid flat surface.The pillow is small, comfortable.
Lift the bags of more than 3 kg with a straight back with the strength of the legs.The load is distributed evenly by 2 hands.
Replace the bag with a backpack and use on two straps
To reduce the column shock load, wear shoes with a thick sole.It is advisable to reduce weight.